The following list includes some of the basic forms of words in English Language, as they relate to the parts of speech.
NounA noun is a word that refers to a person, place, thing, quality, state of affairs or abstract concept. Nouns may describe people (e.g., the president), places (e.g., Washington D.C.), things (e.g., a pen) or qualities (e.g., bravery). In English, nouns are divided into two major groups: proper nouns (for example, the President) and common nouns (e.g., president, tree, war, house).A noun is a word or group of words used to name something or someone. Nouns may refer to people, places, things, actions, ideas, emotions, etc. In English we use nouns to name people, places, and things. When we talk about objects or animals, we do not say “the dog”; instead, we say “dog”. There are three different types of nouns: proper nouns, common nouns, and possessive nouns. Let’s look at each one.
Nouns are words that refer to people or things and take the place of noun phrases. A noun phrase is a type of sentence where the subject and object of the verb are two separate words. In English, nouns take the form of proper names; they do not change their forms even when they have been modified by adjectives, adverbs, numerals, prepositions, and conjunctions.
Examples: (noun) John; (adjective) tall; (noun) dog; (verb) run; (numerical adjective) six; (preposition) in; (conjunction) and
Pronoun
A pronoun is a special type of noun that represents a specific person, place or thing.
A pronoun is a word in a sentence that refers back to someone or something previously mentioned. There may only be one or many pronouns in a sentence. Pronouns replace a noun or a noun phrase.
Examples: (pronoun) I; (pronoun) me; (pronoun) us; (pronoun) my; (pronoun) ours; (pronoun) him/her/it/them; (pronoun) its; (pronoun) myself; (pronoun) ourselves; (pronoun) our; (pronoun) yourself; (pronoun) yourselves; (pronoun) himself/herself/itself; (pronoun) oneself; (pronoun) themselves
Possessive Noun
In English, we have two ways to show ownership of something: possession and possessive pronouns. Possession refers to what we have in our physical possession, while possessive pronouns indicate who possesses something.
Examples: My car, his friend, her sweater, their house, my desk, his pen, mine.
VerbA verb is a word that describes an action, event, state, quality, relationship, or condition. Verbs are used to tell stories, describe events, give directions, ask questions, make requests, or express wishes. We also use verbs to talk about things happening over time or space.
Example: I eat, she speaks, he runs, I play, he sleeps.
AdjectiveAn adjective describes a noun. Adjectives make comparisons between items and give information about them. Like nouns, adjectives are usually placed at the beginning of a sentence.
An adjective modifies a noun. Adjectives describe characteristics of a person or thing. You can use adjectives to talk about how something looks, smells, tastes, feels, sounds, or even thinks. An adjective gives information about a noun—for example, “tall” or “short”.
Adjectives modify nouns and describe them. They are used before nouns, pronouns, and verbs. While adjectives cannot stand alone, they often follow a noun and add information about characteristics, qualities, or other features of that noun.
Examples: tall trees, short trees, small dogs, big dogs, quiet dogs, happy dogs.
(adjective) yellow; (adjective without a following noun) big; (noun) house; (adverb) really; (adjective modifying a pronoun) we; (adjective describing a verb) fast; (adjective qualifying a noun) old; (adjective modifies a finite verb)
Conjunction A conjunction joins together words, phrases or clauses in order to express a relationship between ideas. Conjunctions are often written using coordinating conjunctions. Coordinating conjunctions show how different parts of the sentence relate to each other. Examples of coordinating conjunctions include and, or, but, yet, etc.
Interjection An interjection is any word or phrase that interrupts the normal flow of speaking.
Verb A verb is a word that expresses an action or existence. Verbs can be transitive verbs, intransitive verbs, copular verbs and modal verbs. Transitive verbs require a direct object. Intransitive verbs do not have a direct object. Copular verbs are verbs that express only the subject of the sentence and do not contain any objects. Modal verbs express possibility or capability.
Verb describes events, states, and actions. Verbs express what happens, how something happens, when something happens, and who does what. Verb endings vary depending on tense, person, number, mood, voice, and aspect.
Examples: (verb) love; (verb) did; (verb) want; (verb) say; (noun) girl; (verb) eat; (noun) cake; (verb) drink; (noun) water; (verb) live; (noun) home; (verb) go; (noun) away;(verb) die; (noun) life; (verb) walk; (noun) feet; (verb) run
Preposition A preposition is a word that indicates where someone or something is located. There are many types of prepositions including prepositional adverbs, locative adverbs and directional adverbs.
Article The article is a grammatical marker that shows who or what is being talked about. The articles we use in English are: 'the' (singular), 'a' (plural), 'an', 'this', 'that', and 'which'.
Particle Particles are small pieces of grammar that add meaning to sentences. Common particles are pronouns, punctuation marks, determiners and auxiliary verbs.
Auxiliary verb An auxiliary verb helps us create certain tenses and moods in our language. We cannot say "I am going to eat pizza", instead, we need to say "I am going eat pizza". The auxiliary verb is "to be" and it makes the future tense possible.
Tense Tense tells us when an event happens. A simple present tense tells us events that happen right now.
Mood Moods help express attitude towards something. Moods include: Indicative mood, Subjunctive mood, Imperfect subjunctive mood, Perfect subjunctive mood, Conditional mood and Past conditional mood.
PrefixesPrefixes are affixes that are attached directly to the beginning of a root word. They indicate grammatical case, meaning, origin, relationship, or function. Prefixes often occur at the end of morphemes before stems.
1. A noun is something that exists in nature; an object, action, or thing.
An adjective modifies a noun and adds additional information about its qualities or characteristics.
An adverb describes actions performed by verbs or adjectives.
A verb is a word that expresses some kind of action or activity. Verbs describe past, present, and future events.
Prepositions help us locate things in space.
Conjunctions join words together into phrases.
Interjections add emphasis.
Pronouns identify people, places, or things.
Interrogatives ask questions.
Adverbs modify verbs, pronouns, or adjectives.
Articles (a/an) refer to nouns and articles (the).
Numerals (one, two, etc.) designate quantity.
Sentence structure consists of subject + predicate (topic + verb).
Proper names are proper nouns.
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